引用本文: 何美悦，王迎新，彭泽晨，常生华，Saman Bowatte，刘永杰，侯扶江. 祁连山草原地上生物量和物种丰富度的空间格局. 草业科学, 2020, 37(10): 2012-2021 doi: shu

Citation: HE M Y, WANG Y X, PENG Z C, CHANG S H, BOWATTE S, LIU Y J, HOU F J. The spatial pattern of aboveground biomass and species richness in the grassland of Qilian Mountain. Pratacultural Science, 2020, 37(10): 2012-2021 doi: shu

祁连山草原地上生物量和物种丰富度的空间格局

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重庆欢乐生肖 caodinongyeshengtaixitongguojiazhongdianshiyanshi / nongyenongcunbucaomuyechuangxinzhongdianshiyanshi / lanzhoudaxuecaodinongyekejixueyuan，gansu lanzhou 730020

作者简介: 何美悦(1996-)，女，陕西西安人，在读硕士生，研究方向为农村发展。E-mail: .cn;

通讯作者: 侯扶江, .cn

基金项目: 青藏高原第二次科学考察研究(2019QZKK0203)；长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助(IRT-17R50)

摘要: 以祁连山南北坡草原为研究对象，为确定位点因子对草原地上生物量和物种丰富度的影响，沿经度、纬度和海拔梯度调查了13个样点草原植被。结果表明，祁连山草原地上生物量和物种丰富度呈北高南低、东高西低的空间分布特征，与纬度和经度均显著相关(P < 0.05)；草原地上生物量与年均降水量显著正相关(P < 0.05)，与年均温显著负相关(P < 0.05)。分析认为，年降水量决定了草原地上生物量的东西分布格局，气温和年降水量的共同作用决定了地上生物量的南北分布格局。综合经度、纬度、海拔、年降水量和年均温可较好地预测地上生物量和物种丰富度。研究结果对祁连山生态修复和国家公园的科学管理具有积极意义。

关键词:

English

The spatial pattern of aboveground biomass and species richness in the grassland of Qilian Mountain

重庆欢乐生肖 state key laboratory of grassland agro-ecosystems / key laboratory of grassland livestock industry innovation, ministry of agriculture and rural affairs / college of pastoral agriculture science and technology, lanzhou university, lanzhou 730020, gansu, china

Corresponding author: Fujiang HOU, .cn

Received Date: 2019-02-17
Available Online: 2019-10-15

Abstract: To determine how the effects of environmental factors (e.g. climate changes and geographic location) on plant aboveground biomass and species richness, an experiment was conducted in the alpine grasslands including 13 study sites that were selected along the longitude, latitude, and elevation of the Qilian Mountains. Results showed that the spatial distribution pattern of the aboveground biomass and species richness of Qilian Mountain grassland show high to low from north to south and east to west. Aboveground biomass and species richness were significantly positively correlated with latitude and longitude (P < 0.05), while aboveground biomass was significantly positively correlated with mean annual precipitation and negatively correlated with mean annual temperature (P < 0.05). The mean annual precipitation determined the east-west distribution patterns of aboveground biomass in the grassland of Qilian Mountains. The north-south distribution patterns of aboveground biomass were affected by the coupling effects of air temperature and annual precipitation. The aboveground biomass and species richness could be well predicted by using longitude, latitude, altitude, mean annual precipitation and mean annual temperature. The results highlight the significance to the scientific management of Qilian Mountain National Park.

Key words:

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重庆欢乐生肖

图 1 地上生物量空间分布格局

Figure 1. 重庆欢乐生肖 Spatial distribution pattern of aboveground biomass

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图 2 重庆欢乐生肖地上生物量与环境因素的关系

Figure 2. Relationship between aboveground biomass and environmental factors

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图 3 重庆欢乐生肖物种丰富度空间分布格局

Figure 3. Spatial distribution pattern of species richness

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图 4 重庆欢乐生肖物种丰富度与环境因素的关系

Figure 4. 重庆欢乐生肖 Relationship between species richness and environmental factors

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图 5 重庆欢乐生肖植被指标与环境因素之间的关系

Figure 5. Correlation between vegetation and environmental factors

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图 6 地上生物量和物种丰富度预测值与实测值的关系

Figure 6. The relationship between predicted and measured values of aboveground biomass and species richness

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表 1 试验样地位置与气候条件

Table 1. 重庆欢乐生肖 Location and climatic conditions of study site

样地代码 Site code	地名 Geographical name	坡向 Slope	东经(E) Longitude/°	北纬(N) Latitude/°	海拔 Altitude/m	年均温 Annual mean temperature/℃	年均降水量 Annual mean precipitation/mm
A	肃南县大柏树沟 Dabaishugou, Sunan County	阴坡 Shady	101.49	37.90	3 177	1.1	280.5
B	肃南县龙应山 Longyingshan, Sunan County	阴坡 Shady	101.59	37.88	2 880	0.3	257.5
C	甘州区平山湖 Pingshan Lake, Ganzhou District	阴坡 Shady	100.71	39.18	1 827	6.8	127.9
D	临泽县北山 Beishan, Linze County	阴坡 Shady	100.12	39.42	1 363	3.6	114.5
E	肃南县大河鹿场(春秋牧场) Daheluchang (Spring/Autumn pasture), Sunan County	阴坡 Shady	99.53	38.91	2 830	0.2	305.5
F	肃南县大河鹿场(冬季牧场) Daheluchang (Winter pasture), Sunan County	阴坡 Shady	99.54	38.91	2 791	2.3	257.5
G	高台县元山子 Yuanshanzi, Gaotai County	阳坡 Sunny	99.80	39.19	2 230	3.1	150.5
H	阿克塞县当金山 Dangjinshan, Akesai County	阳坡 Sunny	94.10	39.31	3 327	0.1	101.5
I	阿克塞县小苏干湖 Xiaosugan Lake, Akesai County	阳坡 Sunny	94.17	39.06	2 781	2.2	160.5
J	刚察县擦那塘 Chanatang, Gangcha County	阳坡 Sunny	100.58	37.29	3 327	3.4	370.5
K	江仓，刚察县 Jiangcang, Gangcha County	阳坡 Sunny	100.43	37.66	3 683	3.1	410.7
L	祁连县八宝镇 Babao, Qilian County	阳坡 Sunny	100.16	38.16	3 009	4.2	313.6
M	祁连县祁门 Qimen, Qilian County	阳坡 Sunny	100.67	38.02	3 144	3.7	330.0

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表 2 重庆欢乐生肖地上生物量与物种丰富度的预测模型

Table 2. 重庆欢乐生肖 Prediction model of aboveground biomass and species richness

指标Parameter	方程 Equation	R²	F	P
物种丰富度 Species richness	Y₁ = −0.11X₁² − 0.46X₂ + 0.154X₃ + 96.019	0.170	1.69	0.2633
	Y₂ = 0.583X₄ − 0.411X₅ + 3.353	0.610	7.67	0.0061
	Y₃ = − 0.143X₁² + 0.549X₂ − 0.087X₃ + 1.155X₄ − 0.409X₅ + 198.898	0.806	9.49	0.0003
地上生物量 Aboveground biomass	Y₄ = − 0.044X₁² – 0.168X₂ + 0.157X₃+ 4 020.7	0.090	0.31	0.8021
	Y₅ = 0.192X₄ − 0.86X₅ + 72.231	0.840	6.88	0.0001
	Y₆ = − 0.123X₁² + 0.523X₂ − 0.021X₃ + 0.629X₄ − 0.857X₅ + 4 122.15	0.880	10.08	0.0001
Y₁、Y₂、Y₃代表物种丰富度(species·m⁻²)；Y₄、Y₅、Y₆代表草原地上生物量(g·m⁻²)；X₁是东经(°)；X₂是北纬(°)；X₃海拔(m)；X₄是年均降水量(mm)；X₅是年均温(℃)；R²为相关系数。　In the formula, Y₁、Y₂、Y₃, species richness (species·m⁻²)；Y₄、Y₅、Y₆, aboveground biomass in grassland (g·m⁻²)；X₁, east longitude (°)；X₂, north latitude (°)；X₃, altitude (m)；X₄, average annual precipitation (mm)；X₅, is average annual temperature (℃)；R², is the correlation coefficient.