引用本文: 张洁，徐晓锋. 幼龄反刍动物瘤胃菌群研究进展. 草业科学, 2020, 37(2): 363-369. doi: shu

Citation: ZHANG J, XU X F. Research progress concerning the rumen microflora of juvenile ruminants. Pratacultural Science, 2020, 37(2): 363-369. doi: shu

幼龄反刍动物瘤胃菌群研究进展

张洁 ,
徐晓锋 ^,

.
ningxiadaxuenongxueyuan，ningxia yinchuan 750021

作者简介: 张洁(1994-)，女，甘肃临洮人，在读硕士生，主要从事反刍动物营养研究。E-mail: ;

通讯作者: 徐晓锋,

基金项目:重庆欢乐生肖国家自然科学基金“奶牛瘤胃纤维素酶基因多样性分析及寡糖对其表达诱导与调控的研究(31660675)”

摘要: 瘤胃菌群与反刍动物机体具有紧密的共生关系，稳定的菌群结构对动物机体营养物质的消化、吸收及动物机体自身的健康具有重要的作用。调节瘤胃菌群的结构，可使机体代谢、免疫等机能发生改变。但幼龄反刍动物瘤胃菌群的构建呈现出复杂的变化过程，受到多种因素的影响，而随着反刍动物日龄的增加其瘤胃菌群会逐渐趋向于一个动态平衡的局面。本文旨在综述幼龄反刍动物瘤胃菌群构建过程中，母体、日粮及环境等对其的影响，为生产实践中幼龄反刍动物的饲养管理和瘤胃菌群的调控提供参考。

关键词:

反刍动物 /
瘤胃 /
瘤胃微生物

English

1. [1]
  邓由飞. 液体日粮对犊牛生长发育及胃肠道微生物菌群结构影响研究. 北京: 中国农业大学博士学位论文, 2017.
  重庆欢乐生肖 DENG Y F. Study on the influence of liquid diet on growth and the microbiomes of different gastrointestinal tract components in pre-weaned dairy calves. PhD Thesis. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2017.
2. [2]
  张科. 陕北白绒山羊0～56日龄羔羊胃肠道发育及瘤胃微生物区系研究. 杨凌: 西北农林科技大学硕士学位论文, 2017.
  ZHANG K. Research on gi development and rumen micro biome from 0 to 56-day-old at cashmere goat. Master Thesis. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2017.
3. [3]
  church d c. the ruminant animal: digestive physiology and nutrition. new jersey: prentice hall, 1988.
4. [4]
  MALMUTHUGE N, GRIEBEL P J, GUAN L L. Taxonomic identification of commensal bacteria associated with the mucosa and digestathroughout the gastrointestinal tracts of preweaned calves[J]. Applied and Environmental MicrobiologyApplied and Environmental Microbiology, 2014, 80(6): 2021-2028. doi:
5. [5]
  ZIOLECKI A, BRIGGS C A E. The microflora of the rumen of the young calf: ii. Source, nature and development[J]. Journal of Applied MicrobiologyJournal of Applied Microbiology重庆欢乐生肖, 1961, 24(2): 148-163.
6. [6]
  VI R L B, MCLEOD K R, KLOTZ J L, HEITMANN R N. Rumen development, intestinal growth and hepatic metabolism in the pre- and postweaning ruminant[J]. Journal of Dairy ScienceJournal of Dairy Science, 2004, 87(S): E55-E65.
7. [7]
  田可, 柳君辉, 董国忠. 早期瘤胃微生物区系发育及其调控[J]. 动物营养学报动物营养学报, 2018, 30(12): 4828-4834. doi:
  TIAN K, LIU J H, DONG G Z. Development and manipulation of rumen microbiota during early-life[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal NutritionChinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2018, 30(12): 4828-4834. doi:
8. [8]
  李岚捷, 成述儒, 刁其玉, 屠焰. 日粮碳水化合物对幼龄反刍动物生长发育的影响[J]. 畜牧与兽医畜牧与兽医, 2017, 49(12): 145-149.
  LI L J, CHENG S R, DIAO Q Y, TU Y. Effect of dietary carbohydrate on growth and development of young ruminant animals[J]. Animal Husbandry & Veterinary, MedicineAnimal Husbandry & Veterinary, Medicine重庆欢乐生肖, 2017, 49(12): 145-149.
9. [9]
  吴婷婷. 补喂绵羊瘤胃液、益生菌对28日龄羔羊胃肠道菌群及免疫的影响. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学博士学位论文, 2016.
  重庆欢乐生肖 WU T T. The effects of supplement with ruminal fluid probiotics on the gastrointestinal microbiota and immunity of lambs aged 28 days. PhD Thesis. Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2016.
10. [10]
  GUZMAN C E, BEREZAMALCOLM L T, GROEF B D, FRANKS A E. Presence of selected methanogens, fibrolytic bacteria, and proteobacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of neonatal dairy calves from birth to 72 hours[J]. PLoS OnePLoS One, 2015, 10(7): e0133048-. doi:
11. [11]
  REY M, ENJALBERT F, COMBES S, CAUQUIL L, BOUCHEZ O, MONTEILS V. Establishment of ruminal bacterial community in dairy calves from birth to weaning is sequential[J]. Journal of Applied MicrobiologyJournal of Applied Microbiology, 2014, 116(2): 245-257. doi:
12. [12]
  JIAO J, LI X, BEAUCHEMIN K A, TAN Z, TANG S, ZHOU C. Rumen development process in goats as affected by supplemental feeding v. grazing: Age-related anatomic development, functional achievement and microbial colonisation[J]. British Journal of NutritionBritish Journal of Nutrition, 2015, 113(6): 888-900. doi:
13. [13]
  YEOMAN C J, ISHAQ S L, BICHI E, OLIVO S K, LOWE J, ALDRIDGE B M. Biogeographical differences in the influence of maternal microbial sources on the early successional development of the bovine neonatal gastrointestinal tract[J]. Scientific ReportsScientific Reports, 2018, 8(1): 3197-. doi:
14. [14]
  CURTIS T P, SLOAN W T. Prokaryotic diversity and its limits: Microbial community structure in nature and implications for microbial ecology[J]. Current Opinion in MicrobiologyCurrent Opinion in Microbiology, 2004, 7(): 221-226. doi:
15. [15]
  VAN NIMWEGEN F A, PENDERS J, STOBBERINGH E E, POSTMA D S, KOPPELMAN G H, KERKHOF M, REIJMERINK N E, DOMPELING E, VAN DEN BRANDT P A, FERREIRA I, MOMMERS M, THIJS C. Mode and place of delivery, gastrointestinal microbiota, and their influence on asthma and atopy[J]. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2011, 128(5): 948-955. doi:
16. [16]
  ISHAQ S L, BICHI E, OLIVO S K, LOWE J, YEOMAN C J, ALRIDGE B M. Influence of colostrum on the microbiological diversity of the developing bovine intestinal tract[J]. Journal of Animal ScienceJournal of Animal Science重庆欢乐生肖, 2016, 94(S5): 739-.
17. [17]
  ABECIA L, RAMOSMORALES E, MARTÍNEZFERNANDEZ G, ARCO A, MARTINGARCIA A I, NEWBOLD C J, YANEZRUIZ D R. Feeding management in early life influences microbial colonisation and fermentation in the rumen of newborn goat kids[J]. Animal Production ScienceAnimal Production Science, 2014, 54(9): 1449-1454. doi:
18. [18]
  ABECIA L, JIMÉNEZ E, MARTÍNEZFERNANDEZ G, MARTÍNGARCÍA A I, RAMOSMORALE E. Natural and artificial feeding management before weaning promote different rumen microbial colonization but not differences in gene expression levels at the rumen epithelium of newborn goats[J]. PLoS OnePLoS One, 2017, 12(8): e0182235-. doi:
19. [19]
  RYAN T, GRIEBEL P J. Commensal microbiome effects on mucosal immune system development in the ruminant gastrointestinal tract[J]. Animal Health Research ReviewsAnimal Health Research Reviews, 2012, 13(1): 13-.
20. [20]
  LILIUS E M, MARNILA P. The role of colostral antibodies in prevention of microbial infections[J]. Current Opinion in Infectious DiseasesCurrent Opinion in Infectious Diseases, 2001, 14(): 295-300. doi:
21. [21]
  MALMUTHUGE N, LI M, FRIES P, GRIEBEL P J, GUAN L L. Regional and age dependent changes in gene expression of toll-like receptors and key antimicrobial defense molecules throughout the gastrointestinal tract of dairy calves[J]. Vet Immunol ImmunopatholVet Immunol Immunopathol, 2012, 146(): 18-26. doi:
22. [22]
  JAMI E, ISRAEL A, KOTSER A, MIZRAHI I. Exploring the bovine rumen bacterial community from birth to adulthood[J]. The ISME JournalThe ISME Journal, 2013, 7(6): 1069-1079. doi:
23. [23]
  DE BARBIERI I, HEGARTY R S, SILVEIRA C, GULINO L M, ODDY V H, GILBERT R A, KLIEVE A V, OUWERKERK D. Programming rumen bacterial communities in newborn Merino lambs[J]. Small Ruminant ResearchSmall Ruminant Research, 2015, 129(): 48-59. doi:
24. [24]
  SASSON G, KRUGER BEN-SHABAT S, SEROUSSI E, DORON-FAIGENBOIM A, SHTERZER N, YAACOBY S, MILLER M E B, WHITE B A, HALPERIN E, MIZRAHI I. Heritable bovine rumen bacteria are phylogenetically related and correlated with the cow’s capacity to harvest energy from its feed[J]. mBiomBio重庆欢乐生肖, 2017, 8(4): e00703-e00717.
25. [25]
  GOUET P, JOUANY J P, SENAUD J, GRAIN J, FONTY G. The evolution of microflora, microfauna and digestion in the rumen of lambs from birth to 4 months[J]. Canadian Journal of Animal ScienceCanadian Journal of Animal Science, 1984, 64(5): 165-166. doi:
26. [26]
  解彪, 张乃锋, 张春香, 刁其玉. 粗饲料对幼龄反刍动物瘤胃发育的影响及其作用机制[J]. 动物营养学报动物营养学报, 2018, (4): 1245-1252. doi:
  XIE B, ZHANG N F, ZHANG C X, DIAO Q Y. Effects of forage on rumen development in young ruminants and its mechanisms[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal NutritionChinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2018, (4): 1245-1252. doi:
27. [27]
  YANEZ-RUIZ D R, ABECIA L, NEWBOLD C J. Manipulating rumen microbiome and fermentation through interventions during early life: A review[J]. Frontiers in MicrobiologyFrontiers in Microbiology重庆欢乐生肖, 2015, 6(): 1133-.
28. [28]
  GÉRARD F, PHILIPPE G, JEAN-PIERRE J, JEAN S. Establishment of the microflora and anaerobic fungi in the rumen of lambs[J]. Journal of General MicrobiologyJournal of General Microbiology, 1987, 133(7): 1835-1843.
29. [29]
  MORVANA B, DOREA J, RIEU-LESMEA F, FOUCATB L, FONTYAC G, GOUETA P. Establishment of hydrogen-utilizing bacteria in the rumen of the newborn lamb[J]. FEMS Microbiology LetterFEMS Microbiology Letter, 1994, 117(3): 249-256. doi:
30. [30]
  MAYER M, ABENTHUM A, MATTHES J M, KLEEBERGER D, EGE M J, HÖLZEL C, BAUER J, SCHWAIGER K. Development and genetic influence of the rectal bacterial flora of newborn calves[J]. Veterinary MicrobiologyVeterinary Microbiology, 2012, 161(1/2): 179-185. doi:
31. [31]
  AN D, DONG X, DONG Z. Prokaryote diversity in the rumen of yak (Bos grunniens) and Jinnan cattle (Bos taurus) estimated by 16S rDNA homology analyses[J]. AnaerobeAnaerobe, 2005, 11(4): 207-215. doi:
32. [32]
  裴彩霞, 毛胜勇, 朱伟云. 晋南牛瘤胃中古菌分子多样性的研究[J]. 微生物学报微生物学报, 2008, 48(1): 8-14. doi:
  PEI C X, MAO S Y, ZHU W Y. Molecular diversity of rumen archaea from Jinnan cattle[J]. Acta Microbiologica SinicaActa Microbiologica Sinica, 2008, 48(1): 8-14. doi:
33. [33]
  YANG C T, SI B W, DIAO Q Y, JIN H, ZENG S Q, TU Y. Rumen fermentation and bacterial communities in weaned Chahaer lambs on diets with different protein levels[J]. Journal of Integrative AgricultureJournal of Integrative Agriculture, 2016, 15(7): 1564-1574. doi:
34. [34]
  李文娟. 日粮脂肪水平对早期断奶羔羊生长性能、瘤胃发酵及微生物区系的影响. 北京: 中国农业科学院硕士学位论文, 2018.
  LI W J. Effect of dietary fat levels on growth performance, rumen fermentation and microbiota of early-weaned lambs. Master Thesis. Beijing: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2018.
35. [35]
  KUMAR S, INDUGU N, VECCHIARELLI B, PITTA D W. Associative patterns among anaerobic fungi, methanogenic archaea, and bacterial communities in response to changes in diet and age in the rumen of dairy cows[J]. Frontiers in MicrobiologyFrontiers in Microbiology, 2015, 6(): 781-.
36. [36]
  DEGNAN P H, PUSEY A E, LONSDORF E V, GOODALL J, WROBLEWSKI E E, WILSON M L, RUDICELL R S, HAHN B H, OCHMAN H. Factors associated with the diversification of the gut microbial communities within chimpanzees from Gombe National Park[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2012, 109(32): 13034-13039. doi:
37. [37]
  LIN W, WANG Y, PAN Y. Short-term effects of temperature on the abundance and diversity of magnetotactic cocci[J]. Microbiology OpenMicrobiology Open, 2012, 1(1): 53-63. doi:
38. [38]
  AURÉLIE C, SEAN P K, LING C K, EDI P, NICOLAS P, EMMANUELLE L C, MATHIEU A, BENOIT Q, FLORENCE L, NATHALIE G, SOPHIE G, SALWA R, JEAN-MICHEL B, PIERRE R, ANR MICROOBES CONSORTIUM, JOEL D, JEAN-DANIEL Z, KARINE C, STANISLAV D E. Corrigendum: Dietary intervention impact on gut microbial gene richness[J]. NatureNature, 2013, 502(): 580-580.
39. [39]
  CASTRO M J. Calf intestinal health: Assessment and dietary interventions for its improvement[J]. Dissertations & Theses-GradworksDissertations & Theses-Gradworks重庆欢乐生肖, 2014, 117(27): 61-70.
40. [40]
  于萍, 王加启, 刘开朗, 卜登攀, 李旦, 赵圣国, 邓露芳. 饲喂纳豆枯草芽胞杆菌对荷斯坦犊牛瘤胃细菌区系的影响[J]. 农业生物技术学报农业生物技术学报, 2010, 18(1): 108-113. doi:
  YU P, WANG J Q, LIU K L, BU D P, LI D, ZHAO S G, DENG L F. Effect of feeding Bacillus subtilis natto on rumen bacteria population of holstein calves[J]. Journal of Agricultural BiotechnologyJournal of Agricultural Biotechnology, 2010, 18(1): 108-113. doi:
41. [41]
  DOTO S P, LIU J, WANG J. Effect of yeast culture and direct-fed microbes on the growth performance and rumen fermentation of weaner lambs[J]. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 2011, 2(4): 208-216.
42. [42]
  李鹤琼, 刘强, 王聪, 张延利, 裴彩霞, 王永新, 郭刚, 霍文婕, 张拴林, 刘建新. 2-甲基丁酸对断奶前后犊牛瘤胃发酵、酶活及纤维分解菌菌群的影响[J]. 畜牧兽医学报畜牧兽医学报, 2015, 46(12): 2218-2226. doi:
  LI H Q, LIU Q, WANG C, ZHANG Y L, PEI C X, WANG Y X, GUO G, HUO W J, ZHANG S L, LIU J X. Effects of 2-methylbutyrate supplementation on rumen fermentation, enzyme activities and cellulolytic bacteria in pre-and post-weaning dairy calves[J]. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica SinicaActa Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica, 2015, 46(12): 2218-2226. doi:
43. [43]
  TANNOCK G W. CHAPTER 20-effect of dietary and environmental stress on the gastrointestinal microbiota[J]. Human Intestinal Microflora in Health & Disease, 1983, 17(3): 517-539.
44. [44]
  杜琪, 盛笑昱, 杨斌, 王翀, 茅慧玲. 高通量测序分析不同断奶时间对南方黄牛犊牛瘤胃细菌菌群的影响[J]. 中国畜牧杂志中国畜牧杂志, 2018, 54(2): 87-92.
  DU Q, SHENG X H, YANG B, WANG C, MAO H L. High-throughput sequencing analysis of rumen bacterial flora in southern cattle calves at different weaning times[J]. Chinese Journal of Animal ScienceChinese Journal of Animal Science, 2018, 54(2): 87-92.
1. [1]
  陈连民 , 王洪荣 . 瘤胃中乳酸的代谢及其调控机制. 草业科学, 2016, 10(5): 972-980. doi: 重庆欢乐生肖
2. [2]
  张智安 , 牛骁麟 , 李飞 , 李发弟 . 反刍动物亚急性瘤胃酸中毒的易感性因素及生物标记物研究进展. 草业科学, 2019, 36(8): 2142-2150. doi:
3. [3]
  肖润 , 郑旺 , 郑琳 , 蔡明 , 徐泽平 , 黄先智 , 刘建勇 , 沈以红 . 桑枝叶粉对云南云岭牛瘤胃微生物区系的影响. 草业科学, 2020, 37(10): 2069-2078. doi: 重庆欢乐生肖
4. [4]
  牛骁麟 , 郭涛 , 周文静 , 郭龙 , 李飞 , 李发弟 . 日粮粗蛋白质水平对育肥湖羊瘤胃微生物组成和发酵参数的影响. 草业科学, 2020, 37(5): 975-983. doi: 重庆欢乐生肖
5. [5]
  兰贵生 , 闫佰鹏 , 李发弟 , 李飞 . 日粮uNDF对反刍动物生长和代谢的作用. 草业科学, 2018, 12(5): 1247-1253. doi:
6. [6]
  高晶 , 袁建振 , 侯扶江 , 常生华 , 王召锋 , 傅华 , 王静 . 饲料及乳制品中黄曲霉毒素的检测. 草业科学, 2018, 12(1): 222-231. doi: 重庆欢乐生肖
7. [7]
  侯明杰 , 张霞 , 石福于 , 王虎成 . 高寒区牛内脏组织的采集及其RNA的贮存. 草业科学, 2018, 12(3): 645-653. doi:
8. [8]
  liuweiweishengwuduijiegouxingtanshuihuahewudejiangjiejizhiyanjiujinzhan. caoyekexue, 2010, 4(9): 134-143.
9. [9]
  董春晓 , 吕佳颖 , 牛骁麟 , 马万浩 , 李飞 , 李发弟 . 粗饲料来源对育肥湖羊瘤胃微生物区系及肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响. 草业科学, 2019, 36(11): 2926-2936. doi:
10. [10]
  朱宝珍 , 高强 , 李飞 , 李发弟 . 茴香秸秆替代玉米秸秆对湖羊瘤胃液挥发性脂肪酸、微生物区系和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响. 草业科学, 2020, 37(8): 1588-1597. doi: 重庆欢乐生肖
11. [11]
  李妙善 , 王虎成 , 张霞 . 反刍动物食糜肽氮含量测定方法. 草业科学, 2020, 37(4): 784-790. doi:
12. [12]
  闫佰鹏 , 李发弟 , 李飞 . 反刍动物纤维酶制剂作用机理及其应用效果. 草业科学, 2019, 36(9): 2395-2403. doi: 重庆欢乐生肖
13. [13]
  尹福泉 , 吴征敏 , 王志敬 , 吴浩浩 , 兰瑞霞 , 赵志辉 . 皇竹草和喷浆玉米皮混合对瘤胃发酵特性的影响. 草业科学, 2018, 12(7): 1797-1804. doi: 重庆欢乐生肖
14. [14]
  李珊珊 , 白彦福 , 王婷 , 张娇娇 , 刘筱嘉 , 丁路明 , 王虎成 , 冯强 , 贺春贵 , 龙瑞军 , 尚占环 . 饲用高粱营养价值及人工瘤胃降解特性. 草业科学, 2018, 12(5): 1273-1286. doi:
15. [15]
  王梦琦 , 陈志远 , 马婷婷 , 林淼 . 3种饲草组合对湖羊瘤胃还原硝酸盐过程的影响. 草业科学, 2016, 10(3): 489-494. doi: 重庆欢乐生肖
16. [16]
  张俊瑜 , 王加启 , ??晶 , 卜登攀 , 国卫杰 , 宋增廷 , 雒秋江重庆欢乐生肖 . 裹包全混合日粮瘤胃降解特性的研究. 草业科学, 2010, 4(3): 136-143.
17. [17]
  张吉鹍 , 李龙瑞 , 吴文旋 , 邹庆华 . 稻草补饲苜蓿对山羊瘤胃发酵的组合效应. 草业科学, 2014, 8(2): 313-320. doi:
18. [18]
  韩娥 , 吴文旋 , 吴佳海 , 王恒怡 , 刘发翠 . 代乳粉对成年黔北麻羊瘤胃发酵及血浆生化指标的影响. 草业科学, 2016, 10(10): 2104-2110. doi: 重庆欢乐生肖
19. [19]
  侯明杰 , 付晓悦 , 尚占环 , 王虎成 . 饲用甜高粱青贮对小尾寒羊瘤胃代谢参数的影响. 草业科学, 2018, 12(5): 1232-1239. doi:
20. [20]
  朱丹 , 张佩华 , 赵勐 , 刘士杰 , 张开展 , WILLIAM P. Weiss , 卜登攀 . 不同NDF与淀粉比例饲粮在奶牛瘤胃的降解特性. 草业科学, 2015, 9(12): 2122-2130. doi:

重庆欢乐生肖

表 1 重庆欢乐生肖外部影响因素对瘤胃菌群的影响

Table 1. Effects of external factors on rumen microflora

项目 Item	结论 Conclusion	文献 Reference
共同生活环境 Living environment	具有共同生活环境的机体体内微生物相似度更高 Higher similarity of microorganisms in organisms with a common living environment	[36]
温度 Temperature	高温降低微生物菌群的多样性和丰度 High temperature will reduce the diversity and abundance of microbial flora	[37]
饮食习惯 Dietary habits	饮食的组成丰富度与微生物菌群的多样性和丰度正相关 The composition richness of diet had positive correlation with the diversity and abundance of microbial flora	[38]
饲料添加剂及益生菌 Feed additives and probiotics	抗生素的使用抑制了菌群丰度及多样性，而益生元益生菌的添加有利于菌群丰度及多样性 The abundance and diversity of microbial flora were inhibited by using antibiotics, but the addition of prebiotic probiotics were beneficial	[38]